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User's Manual
How to Use IC for RS-232 Line Driver/Receivers
PD4711B PD4712C/4712D PD4713A PD4714A PD4715A PD4721 PD4722 PD4723 PD4724 PD4726
Document No. S13354EJ2V0UM00 (2nd edition) Date Published July 1999 N CP(K)
(c) 1998
Printed in Japan
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User's Manual S13354EJ2V0UM00
* The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Before using this document, please confirm that this is the latest version. * Not all devices/types available in every country. Please check with local NEC representative for availability and additional information. * No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written consent of NEC Corporation. NEC Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors which may appear in this document. * NEC Corporation does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of third parties by or arising from use of a device described herein or any other liability arising from use of such device. No license, either express, implied or otherwise, is granted under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of NEC Corporation or others. * Descriptions of circuits, software, and other related information in this document are provided for illustrative purposes in semiconductor product operation and application examples. The incorporation of these circuits, software, and information in the design of the customer's equipment shall be done under the full responsibility of the customer. NEC Corporation assumes no responsibility for any losses incurred by the customer or third parties arising from the use of these circuits, software, and information. * While NEC Corporation has been making continuous effort to enhance the reliability of its semiconductor devices, the possibility of defects cannot be eliminated entirely. To minimize risks of damage or injury to persons or property arising from a defect in an NEC semiconductor device, customers must incorporate sufficient safety measures in its design, such as redundancy, fire-containment, and anti-failure features. * NEC devices are classified into the following three quality grades: "Standard", "Special", and "Specific". The Specific quality grade applies only to devices developed based on a customer designated "quality assurance program" for a specific application. The recommended applications of a device depend on its quality grade, as indicated below. Customers must check the quality grade of each device before using it in a particular application. Standard: Computers, office equipment, communications equipment, test and measurement equipment, audio and visual equipment, home electronic appliances, machine tools, personal electronic equipment and industrial robots Special: Transportation equipment (automobiles, trains, ships, etc.), traffic control systems, anti-disaster systems, anti-crime systems, safety equipment and medical equipment (not specifically designed for life support) Specific: Aircraft, aerospace equipment, submersible repeaters, nuclear reactor control systems, life support systems or medical equipment for life support, etc. The quality grade of NEC devices is "Standard" unless otherwise specified in NEC's Data Sheets or Data Books. If customers intend to use NEC devices for applications other than those specified for Standard quality grade, they should contact an NEC sales representative in advance.
M7D 98. 12
User's Manual S13354EJ2V0UM00
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User's Manual S13354EJ2V0UM00
CONTENTS 1. 2. 3. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................... FEATURES OF ICS FOR RS-232 LINE DRIVER/RECEIVERS ................................................... SERIES LINEUP .............................................................................................................................. 3.1 Selection Guide ....................................................................................................................... 3.2 Ordering Information .............................................................................................................. PACKAGE DRAWINGS, PIN CONFIGURATIONS, AND FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAMS........................................................................................................................ 4.1 Package Drawings .................................................................................................................. 4.2 Pin Configurations .................................................................................................................. 4.3 Functional Block Diagrams.................................................................................................... BASIC OPERATIONS ..................................................................................................................... 5.1 Basic Operation of PD471X Series...................................................................................... 5.2 Basic Operation of PD472X Series...................................................................................... INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAMS.................................................................................................... 6.1 PD471X Series .......................................................................................................................
6.1.1 DC/DC converter block ............................................................................................................... 6.1.2 Driver output logic ...................................................................................................................... 6.1.3 Receiver output logic.................................................................................................................. 6.1.4 Receiver input threshold voltage............................................................................................... 6.1.5 Input pin treatment......................................................................................................................
7 7 8 8 8
4.
9 9 14 17 18 18 18 19 19
19 20 20 20 21
5.
6.
6.2 PD472X Series .......................................................................................................................
6.2.1 DC/DC Converter Block .............................................................................................................. 6.2.2 Driver output logic ...................................................................................................................... 6.2.3 Receiver output logic.................................................................................................................. 6.2.4 Switching voltage boosting mode ............................................................................................. 6.2.5 Input pin treatment......................................................................................................................
22
22 23 23 23 24
7. 8. 9.
NOTES FOR USE........................................................................................................................... TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS ...................................................................................................... RS-232 STANDARD........................................................................................................................ 9.1 What is the RS-232 Standard? ............................................................................................... 9.2 Signal Level ............................................................................................................................. 9.3 Basics of RS-232C Communication ......................................................................................
25 26 32 32 32 33 34 35
10. TYPICAL APPLICATION ................................................................................................................ 11. REVISION HISTORY OF PRODUCTS..........................................................................................
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12. Q&A .................................................................................................................................................. 12.1 Internal Circuit Functions..................................................................................................... 12.2 Characteristics of Boosting Circuit..................................................................................... 12.3 External Capacitors .............................................................................................................. 12.4 Transfer Rate ......................................................................................................................... 12.5 Reliability ............................................................................................................................... 12.6 Equivalent Products of Other Companies.......................................................................... 12.7 Marking, Packages and Others............................................................................................ APPENDIX ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TYPICAL).................................................................. Appendix 1. PD471X Series........................................................................................................ Appendix 2. PD472X Series........................................................................................................
36 36 37 38 39 42 43 44 46 46 48
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1. INTRODUCTION
The serial communication standard EIA/TIA-232-E (generally called "RS-232"), established by EIA and TIA, has been used for industrial devices. However, today it is widely used as a communication means between office automation equipment that equips serial interface, and PCs and PC peripheral devices or home appliances. NEC lines up six PD471X Series products and five PD472X Series products so that they can be widely applied to various devices for industrial equipment and appliances as ICs for RS-232 line driver/receivers. This document summarizes usage of the products, technical data, and notes for using these ICs. Your necessary information is found as follows: * For overview of RS-232 standard: * For overview and list of NEC's products: * For details on functions of NEC's products: * For characteristics and performance of NEC's products: * For answers to common questions and how-to: Refer to Chapter 12. Q&A. Refer to Chapter 9. RS-232 STANDARD. Refer to Chapter 2. FEATURES OF ICS FOR RS-232 LINE DRIVER/RECEIVERS and Chapter 3. SERIES LINEUP. Refer to Chapter 6. INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAMS. Refer to Chapter 8. TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS.
2. FEATURES OF ICS FOR RS-232 LINE DRIVER/RECEIVERS
There are two types of product series of ICs for RS-232 Line Driver/Receiver, and each type has following features: { PD471X Series * Compliant with EIA/TIA-232-E standard. * Operated by single power supply with voltage of +5 V * Positive and negative outputs by four external capacitors and on-chip DC/DC converter * On-chip driver output control functions * Function for selecting receiver input threshold voltage * Low current dissipation mode by standby function * Two types of packages: DIP and SOP { PD472X Series * Complied with EIA/TIA-232-E Standard * Operated by single power supply with either voltage of +5 V or +3.3 V * Positive and negative outputs by four or five external capacitors and on-chip DC/DC converter * Low current dissipation mode by standby function * On-chip receiver functions which can be operated during standby * SSOP package for space saving
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3. SERIES LINEUP 3.1 Selection Guide
The list of ICs for RS-232 line driver/receivers is shown below.
Power Supply Voltage 5V 5V 5V 5V 5V 5V 3.3/5 V 3.3/5 V 3.3/5 V 3.3/5 V 5V
Part Number
Driver
Receiver
Standby
Driver Output Control { { { { { { x x x x x
Low Current Dissipation Receiver Operation Mode x x x x x x x { { { {
PD4711B PD4712C PD4712D PD4713A PD4714A PD4715A PD4721 PD4722 PD4723 PD4724 PD4726
2 4 4 3 3 5 2 4 3 3 4
2 4 4 3 5 3 2 4 3 5 7
{ { { { { { { { { { {
{: Available
x: Not available
3.2 Ordering Information
Ordering information and the package list of ICs for RS-232 line driver/receivers are shown below.
Part Number Ordering Information Package 20-pin DIP (300 mil) 20-pin SOP (300 mil) 28-pin DIP (400 mil) 28-pin SOP (375 mil) 28-pin DIP (400 mil) 28-pin SOP (375 mil) 24-pin DIP (300 mil) 24-pin SOP (375 mil) 28-pin DIP (400 mil) 28-pin SOP (375 mil) 28-pin DIP (400 mil) 28-pin SOP (375 mil) 20-pin SSOP (300 mil) 30-pin SSOP (300 mil) 30-pin SSOP (300 mil) 30-pin SSOP (300 mil) 36-pin SSOP (300 mil)
PD4711B
PD4711BCX PD4711BGS
PD4712C
PD4712CCY PD4712CGT
PD4712D
PD4712DCY PD4712DGT
PD4713A
PD4713ACX PD4713AGT
PD4714A
PD4714ACY PD4714AGT
PD4715A
PD4715ACY PD4715AGT
PD4721 PD4722 PD4723 PD4724 PD4726
PD4721GS-GJG PD4722GS-GJG PD4723GS-GJG PD4724GS-GJG PD4726GS-BAF
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4. PACKAGE DRAWINGS, PIN CONFIGURATIONS, AND FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAMS 4.1 Package Drawings
20PIN PLASTIC DIP (300 mil)
20 11
1
A I
10
K P L
J
H G
F B D N
M
C M R
NOTES 1) Each lead centerline is located within 0.25 mm (0.01 inch) of its true position (T.P.) at maximum material condition. 2) ltem "K" to center of leads when formed parallel.
ITEM A B C D F G H I J K L M N P R
MILLIMETERS 25.40 MAX. 1.27 MAX. 2.54 (T.P.) 0.500.10 1.1 MIN. 3.50.3 0.51 MIN. 4.31 MAX. 5.08 MAX. 7.62 (T.P.) 6.4 0.25 +0.10 -0.05 0.25 0.9 MIN. 0~15
INCHES 1.000 MAX. 0.050 MAX. 0.100 (T.P.) 0.020 +0.004 -0.005 0.043 MIN. 0.1380.012 0.020 MIN. 0.170 MAX. 0.200 MAX. 0.300 (T.P.) 0.252 0.010 +0.004 -0.003 0.01 0.035 MIN. 0~15
P20C-100-300A,C-1
24PIN PLASTIC DIP (300 mil)
24 13
1
A I
12
K P L
J
H G
F D N
M
C B
M
R
NOTES 1) Each lead centerline is located within 0.25 mm (0.01 inch) of its true position (T.P.) at maximum material condition. 2) ltem "K" to center of leads when formed parallel.
ITEM A B C D F G H I J K L M N P R
MILLIMETERS 33.02 MAX. 2.54 MAX. 2.54 (T.P.) 0.500.10 1.2 MIN. 3.50.3 0.51 MIN. 4.31 MAX. 5.08 MAX. 7.62 (T.P.) 6.4 0.25 +0.10 -0.05 0.25 1.0 MIN. 0~15
INCHES 1.300 MAX. 0.100 MAX. 0.100 (T.P.) 0.020 +0.004 -0.005 0.047 MIN. 0.1380.012 0.020 MIN. 0.170 MAX. 0.200 MAX. 0.300 (T.P.) 0.252 0.010 +0.004 -0.003 0.01 0.039 MIN. 0~15 P24C-100-300A-1
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28PIN PLASTIC DIP (400 mil)
28 15
1
A I
14
K P L
J
H G
F D N
M
C B
M
R
NOTES 1) Each lead centerline is located within 0.25 mm (0.01 inch) of its true position (T.P.) at maximum material condition. 2) ltem "K" to center of leads when formed parallel.
ITEM A B C D F G H I J K L M N P R
MILLIMETERS 35.56 MAX. 1.27 MAX. 2.54 (T.P.) 0.500.10 1.1 MIN. 3.50.3 0.51 MIN. 4.31 MAX. 5.72 MAX. 10.16 (T.P.) 8.6 0.25 +0.10 -0.05 0.25 0.9 MIN. 0~15
INCHES 1.400 MAX. 0.050 MAX. 0.100 (T.P.) 0.020 +0.004 -0.005 0.043 MIN. 0.1380.012 0.020 MIN. 0.170 MAX. 0.226 MAX. 0.400 (T.P.) 0.339 0.010 +0.004 -0.003 0.01 0.035 MIN. 0~15 P28C-100-400-1
20 PIN PLASTIC SOP (300 mil)
20 11 detail of lead end
P
1 A
10
H G I J
L C D E F
NOTE Each lead centerline is located within 0.12 mm (0.005 inch) of its true position (T.P.) at maximum material condition.
ITEM A B C D E F G H I J K L M N P MILLIMETERS 12.70.3 0.78 MAX. 1.27 (T.P.) 0.42 +0.08 -0.07 0.10.1 1.8 MAX. 1.550.05 7.70.3 5.60.2 1.1 0.22 +0.08 -0.07 0.60.2 0.12 0.10 3 +7 -3 INCHES 0.5000.012 0.031 MAX. 0.050 (T.P.) 0.017 +0.003 -0.004 0.0040.004 0.071 MAX. 0.0610.002 0.3030.012 0.220 +0.009 -0.008 0.043 0.009 +0.003 -0.004 0.024 +0.008 -0.009 0.005 0.004 3 +7 -3 P20GM-50-300B, C-5
B N
K
M
M
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User's Manual S13354EJ2V0UM00
24 PIN PLASTIC SOP (375 mil)
24 13
detail of lead end
P 1 A F G H I J 12
S
C D E
NOTES 1. Controlling dimension millimeter.
B
M
L K
N
S
M
ITEM A B C D E F G H I J K L M N P
MILLIMETERS 15.40.14 0.78 MAX. 1.27 (T.P.) 0.42 +0.08 -0.07 0.1250.075 2.77 MAX. 2.470.1 10.30.3 7.2 1.6 0.17 +0.08 -0.07 0.80.2 0.12 0.15 3 +7 -3
INCHES 0.6060.006 0.031 MAX. 0.050 (T.P.) 0.017 +0.003 -0.004 0.005 +0.003 -0.004 0.110 MAX. 0.097 +0.005 -0.004 0.406 +0.012 -0.013 0.283 0.063 0.007 +0.003 -0.004 0.031 +0.009 -0.008 0.005 0.006 3 +7 -3 P24GM-50-375B-4
2. Each lead centerline is located within 0.12 mm (0.005 inch) of its true position (T.P.) at maximum material condition.
28-PIN PLASTIC SOP (375 mil)
28 15
detail of lead end
P 1 A H G I J 14
F
S C D E M
M
B K
L N S
NOTE Each lead centerline is located within 0.12 mm of its true position (T.P.) at maximum material condition.
ITEM A B C D E F G H I J K L M N P
MILLIMETERS 17.90.17 0.78 MAX. 1.27 (T.P.) 0.42 +0.08 -0.07 0.10.1 2.60.2 2.50 10.30.3 7.20.2 1.60.2 0.17 +0.08 -0.07 0.80.2 0.12 0.15 3 +7 -3 P28GM-50-375B-4
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20 PIN PLASTIC SHRINK SOP (300 mil)
20 11
detail of lead end
P
1 A
10
H F G S I J
E C D
NOTE
L N S K B
ITEM A B C D E F G H I J K L M N P MILLIMETERS 6.70.3 0.575 MAX. 0.65 (T.P.) 0.32 +0.08 -0.07 0.1250.075 2.0 MAX. 1.70.1 8.10.3 6.10.2 1.00.2 0.15 +0.10 -0.05 0.50.2 0.12 0.10 3 +7 -3 INCHES 0.264 +0.012 -0.013 0.023 MAX. 0.026 (T.P.) 0.013 +0.003 -0.004 0.0050.003 0.079 MAX. 0.067 +0.004 -0.005 0.3190.012 0.2400.008 0.039 +0.009 -0.008 0.006 +0.004 -0.002 0.020 +0.008 -0.009 0.005 0.004 3 +7 -3 P20GM-65-300B-3
M
M
1. Controlling dimension millimeter. 2. Each lead centerline is located within 0.12 mm (0.005 inch) of its true position (T.P.) at maximum material condition.
30 PIN PLASTIC SHRINK SOP (300 mil)
30 16
detail of lead end
P
1 A
15
F G
H I J
S
C D E
NOTES 1. Controlling dimension
N M
M
S
B K
L
ITEM
MILLIMETERS 9.850.26 0.51 MAX. 0.65 (T.P.) 0.32+0.08 -0.07 0.1250.075 2.0 MAX. 1.70.1 8.10.2 6.10.2 1.00.2 0.17 +0.08 -0.07 0.50.2 0.10 0.10 3 +7 -3
INCHES 0.3880.011 0.020 MAX. 0.026 (T.P.) 0.013 +0.003 -0.004 0.0050.003 0.079 MAX. 0.0670.004 0.3190.008 0.2400.008 0.039 +0.009 -0.008 0.007 +0.003 -0.004 0.020 +0.008 -0.009 0.004 0.004 3 +7 -3 P30GS-65-300B-2
millimeter.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N P
2. Each lead centerline is located within 0.10 mm (0.004 inch) of its true position (T.P.) at maximum material condition.
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36 PIN PLASTIC SSOP (300 mil)
36 19 detail of lead end
R 1 A 18
H F G S C D E M
M
I
J
B K
L N S
NOTE Each lead centerline is located within 0.10 mm of its true position (T.P.) at maximum material condition.
ITEM A B C D E F G H I J K L M N R
MILLIMETERS 15.30.24 0.97 MAX. 0.8 (T.P.) 0.37 +0.08 -0.07 0.1250.075 1.675+0.125 -0.175 1.55 7.70.3 5.60.15 1.050.2 0.22 +0.08 -0.07 0.60.2 0.10 0.10 55 P36GM-80-300B-4
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4.2 Pin Configurations
PD4711B
+ 10 V 1 VDD C3 + C1 + +5V 2 C1+ 3 VCC 4 C1- STBY 5 DIN1 6 DIN2 7 ROUT1 8 5.5 k ROUT2 9 5.5 k GND 10 12 RIN2 11 RCON DIN4 9 DCON 10 ROUT1 11 ROUT2 12 ROUT3 13 ROUT4 14 300 300 C4+ 20 GND 19 C4- 18 VSS 17 16 DCON 15 DOUT1 14 DOUT2 13 RIN1
PD4712C/D
+ 10 V 1 VDD C3 + + C2 C1 + +5V 2 C1+ 3 VCC 4 C1- 5 GND DIN1 6 DIN2 7 DIN3 8 300 300 300 300 5.5 k 5.5 k 5.5 k 5.5 k C4+ 28 GND 27 C4- 26 VSS 25 24 STBY 23 DOUT1 22 DOUT2 21 DOUT3 20 DOUT4 19 RIN1 18 RIN2 17 RIN3 16 RIN4 15 RCON
+
C4
+
C4 + C2
- 10 V
- 10 V
PD4713A
+ 10 V 1 VDD C3 + C1 + +5V 2 C1+ 3 VCC 4 C1- STBY 5 DIN1 6 DIN2 7 DIN3 8 ROUT1 9 5.5 k ROUT2 10 5.5 k ROUT3 11 5.5 k GND 12 13 RCON 14 RIN3 300 300 300 C4+ 24 GND 23 C4- 22 VSS 21 20 DCON 19 DOUT1 18 DOUT2 17 DOUT3 16 RIN1 15 RIN2
PD4714A
+ 10 V 1 VDD C3 + + C2 C1 + +5V 2 C1+ 3 VCC 4 C1- 5 GND DIN1 6 DIN2 7 DIN3 8 DCON 9 ROUT1 10 ROUT2 11 ROUT3 12 ROUT4 13 ROUT5 14 300 300 300 5.5 k 5.5 k 5.5 k 5.5 k 5.5 k C4+ 28 GND 27 C4- 26 VSS 25 24 STBY 23 DOUT1 22 DOUT2 21 DOUT3 20 RIN1 19 RIN2 18 RIN3 17 RIN4 16 RIN5 15 RCON
+
C4
+
C4 + C2
- 10 V
- 10 V
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PD4715A
+ 10 V 1 VDD C3 + C1 + +5V 2 C1
+
PD4721
C4+ 28 GND 27 C4- 26 VSS 25 24 STBY 300 300 300 300 300 23 DOUT1 22 DOUT2 21 DOUT3 20 DOUT4 19 DOUT5 18 RIN1 17 RIN2 16 RIN3 15 RCON - 10 V 1 VDD C3 + + C2 + + 3.3 V C1 or +5V 2 C1
+
+
C4+ 20 GND 19 C4- 18 VSS 17
C4
+
C4 + C2
3 VCC 4 C1- 5 GND DIN1 6 DIN2 7 DIN3 8 DIN4 9 DIN5 10 DCON 11 ROUT1 12 ROUT2 13 ROUT3 14
3 VCC 4 C1-
- 10 V C5
- 10 V
5 C5+ 6 C5- DIN1 7 DIN2 8 300 300
16 STBY 15 VCHA 14 DOUT1 13 DOUT2 12 RIN1 5.5 k 11 RIN2 5.5 k
ROUT1 9 ROUT2 10
5.5 k 5.5 k 5.5 k
PD4722
+ 10 V 1 VDD C3 + + 3.3 V or +5V C1 + 2 C1
+
PD4723
C4+ 30 GND 29 C4- 28 VSS 27 26 STBY 25 VCHA 24 EN 300 300 300 300 23 DOUT1 22 DOUT2 21 DOUT3 20 DOUT4 19 RIN1 5.5 k 18 RIN2 5.5 k 17 RIN3 5.5 k 16 RIN4 5.5 k + 10 V 1 VDD C3 + + C2 + 3.3 V or +5V C1 + 2 C1
+
+
C4+ 30 GND 29 C4- 28 VSS 27
C4
+
C4 + C2
3 VCC 4 C1- C3 + 5 C5+ 6 GND 7 C5 DIN1 8 DIN2 9 DIN3 10 DIN4 11 ROUT1 12 ROUT2 13 ROUT3 14 ROUT4 15
-
3 VCC 4 C1- C3 + 5 C5+ 6 GND 7 C5 DIN1 8 DIN2 9 DIN3 10 ROUT1 11 5.5 k ROUT2 12 5.5 k ROUT3 13 5.5 k NC 14 NC 15
-
- 10 V
- 10 V
26 STBY 25 VCHA 24 EN 300 300 300 23 DOUT1 22 DOUT2 21 DOUT3 20 RIN1 19 RIN2 18 RIN3 17 NC 16 NC
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PD4724
+ 10 V 1 VDD C3 + + 3.3 V or +5V C1 + 2 C1+ 3 VCC 4 C1- C3 + 5 C5
+
PD4726
C4+ 30 GND 29 C4- 28 VSS 27 26 STBY 25 VCHA 24 EN 300 300 300 23 DOUT1 22 DOUT2 21 DOUT3 20 RIN1 5.5 k 19 RIN2 5.5 k 18 RIN3 5.5 k 17 RIN4 5.5 k 16 RIN5 5.5 k ROUT5 16 5.5 k ROUT6 17 5.5 k ROUT7 18 19 RIN7 5.5 k 20 RIN6 + 10 V 1 VDD C3 + + C2 + 3.3 V or +5V C1 + 2 C1- 3 VCC 4 C1- 5 NC 6 GND 7 NC DIN1 8 DIN2 9 DIN3 10 DIN4 11 ROUT1 12 5.5 k ROUT2 13 5.5 k ROUT3 14 5.5 k ROUT4 15 5.5 k 21 RIN5 22 RIN4 23 RIN3 24 RIN2 300 300 300 300 To internal circuit To internal circuit C4- 36 GND 35 C4- 34 VSS 33 32 STBY 31 VCHA 30 EN 29 DOUT1 28 DOUT2 27 DOUT3 26 DOUT4 25 RIN1
+
C4
+
C4 + C2
- 10 V
- 10 V
6 GND 7 C5 DIN1 8 DIN2 9 DIN3 10 ROUT1 11 ROUT2 12 ROUT3 13 ROUT4 14 ROUT5 15
-
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4.3 Functional Block Diagrams
PD471X Series
DOUT VDD C3 VCC C1 DC/DC Converter C4
10 V
RIN
10 V
Threshold voltage
GND C4 VSS STBY DCON RCON DIN ROUT
PD472X Series
C5 VCHA VDD C3 VCC C1 DC/DC Converter C4
10 V
DOUT
(Type1) RIN
(Type2) RIN
10 V
Threshold voltage
GND C4 VSS STBY EN DIN ROUT ROUT
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5. BASIC OPERATIONS 5.1 Basic Operation of PD471X Series
The basic operation of the PD471X Series is shown in the figure below.
STBY
VDD VSS DCON DIN DOUT Hi-Z Hi-Z
RCON
RIN
ROUT
Hi-Z
Hi-Z
5.2 Basic Operation of PD472X Series
The basic operation of the PD472X Series is shown in the figure below.
STBY VCHA 3V VCC VDD VSS DIN Hi-Z Hi-Z 5V
DOUT
EN
RIN
ROUTA ROUTB
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6. INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM 6.1 PD471X Series
6.1.1 DC/DC converter block The PD471X Series incorporate a DC/DC converter block. A DC/DC converter is a circuit to boost VCC to VDD/VSS to generate the necessary voltage level for RS-232 communication by fast switching with external capacitors. RS-232 communication, which requires positive and negative power supplies even with a single voltage of 5 V, can be achieved by integrating this circuit with a RS-232 line driver/receiver. The maximum voltage of electric potential difference applied at the both ends of each capacitor having characteristics of DC/DC converter circuit is shown in the table below, and the theoretical operating waveform of each pin is shown in the figure below. Also, DC/DC converter circuit is stopped when STBY is at H. At this moment, VDD = VCC and VSS = GND. The electric potential difference applied to each capacitor when VCC = 5 V
Capacitor C1 - C1 C2 - C2 C3 - C3 C4 - C4
+ + + + -
Voltage (V) 5 10 5 5
-
-
-
Operating waveform at capacitors
5V 0V 10 V 5V 0V -5V C1+ C1- STBY
10 V 5V 0V -5V VDD C4+ C4-
10 V 5V 0V
- 10 V
VSS
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6.1.2 Driver output logic STBY is the Standby Control Signal. When STBY is at H, DOUT becomes high impedance regardless of the status of DCON and DIN. While STBY is at L, driver output depends on input signals from DCON and DIN. DCON is driver output control signal and active at high. When DCON is H, DIN (TTL level) is reversed and output from DOUT (RS-232 level). While DCON is L, DOUT is fixed at L regardless of the status of DIN. Truth table of driver output logic is shown below (refer to 12.1 Internal Circuit Functions in 12. Q&A LIST for actual usage of DCON).
STBY H L L L DCON X L H H DIN X X L H DOUT Hi-Z L H L Remarks Standby mode (DC/DC Converter stopped) Mark level output Space level output Mark level output
6.1.3 Receiver output logic When STBY is at H, ROUT becomes High Impedance state regardless of the status of RIN. While STBY is at L, RIN (RS-232 level) is reversed and output from ROUT (TTL level). Truth table of receiver output logic is shown below.
STBY H L L RIN X L H ROUT Hi-Z H L Remarks Standby Mode (DC/DC converter stopped) Mark level output Space level output
6.1.4 Receiver input threshold voltage The PD471X Series has a function to switch receiver input threshold voltage as its specific function. Refer to individual data sheet for characteristics of threshold voltage. When RCON is at L, ROUT always operates in A Mode. When RCON is at H, RINA operates in A Mode and RINB operates in B Mode as the table below. The truth table and pin list of each part number are shown below (refer to 12.1 Internal Circuit Functions in 12. Q&A for actual usage of RCON) The truth table of receiver input threshold
RCON L H RINA A Mode A Mode A Mode B Mode (C Mode only in PD4712D) RINB
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The pin list of each product in A Mode and B Mode
Part Number RINA - RIN1, RIN2 RIN1 RIN1, RIN2, RIN3 RIN1 RINB RIN1, RIN2 RIN3, RIN4 RIN2, RIN3 RIN4, RIN5 RIN2, RIN3
PD4711B PD4712C/4712D PD4713A PD4714A PD4715A
6.1.5 Input pin treatment The internal configuration of input pins of the PD471X Series is shown in the table below. If an input pin is opened, through current flows as CMOS-specific characteristics. Therefore, open pins should be treated as follows:
Pull-up or Pull-down Resistor Pull-down resistor
Pin Name STBY
Handling of Open Pins Even if the input is open, the input becomes "L" and the operationmode is active. Be sure to fix it at "H" or "L" level before using.
DCON DIN RCON RIN
None
Pull-down resistor (5.5 k)
Even if the input is open, the input becomes "L" and the output becomes "H."
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6.2 PD472X Series
6.2.1 DC/DC Converter Block The PD472X Series incorporates a DC/DC converter block. A DC/DC converter Block is a circuit to boost VCC to VDD/VSS to generate the necessary voltage level for RS-232 communication by fast switching with external capacitors. It has a Double Boosting Mode and Triple Boosting Mode to use single power supply either voltage with 5 V or 3.3 V as specific function of PD472X Series. RS-232 communication, which requires positive and negative power supplies even with a single voltage of 5 V or 3.3 V, can be achieved by integrating this circuit with an RS-232 line driver/receiver. The maximum voltage of electric potential difference applied at both ends of each capacitor having characteristics of DC/DC converter circuit is shown in the table below, and theoretical operating waveform of each pin (Only in 3-V mode. The waveform in 5-V mode is the same as the one of the PD471X Series.) is shown in the figure below. Also, DC/DC Converter circuit is stopped when STBY is at L. At this moment, VDD = VCC and VSS = GND. Electric potential difference applied to each capacitor when VCC = 5 V (5-V Mode) or 3 V (3-V Mode)
Voltage (V) Capacitor 5-V Mode C1 - C1 C2 - C2 C3 - C3 C4 - C4 C5 - C5
+ + + + + -
3-V Mode 3.0 9.0 6.0 3.0 3.0
5.0 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
-
-
-
-
Operating waveform at capacitors
3V 0V 6V 3V 0V -3V -6V 9V 6V 3V 0V -3V 3V 0V -6V -9V 10 V 3V 0V VSS - 10 V C1+ C1- STBY
C4+ C4-
C5+ C5-
VDD
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6.2.2 Driver output logic When STBY is at L, DOUT becomes high impedance regardless of the status of DCON and DIN. When STBY is H, DIN (TTL level) is reversed and output from DOUT (RS-232 level). The truth table of driver output logic is shown below.
STBY L H H DIN X L H DOUT Hi-Z H L Remarks Standby Mode (DC/DC converter stopped) Space level output Mark level output
6.2.3 Receiver output logic When STBY is at L, two types of standby modes can be selected depending on the EN logic. When EN is L, regardless of the status of RIN (RS-232 level), H is output for ROUT (TTL level). When EN is H, ROUTA (TTL level) is output by an inverter without hysteresis for the input of RINA (RS-232 level). Regardless of RINB (RS-232 level), H is output for ROUTB (TTL level). When STBY is H, RIN (RS-232 level) is reversed and output from ROUT (TTL level) regardless of the EN state. The truth table of the receiver output logic is shown below (refer to 12.1 Internal Circuit Functions in 12. Q&A for actual sample usage of EN pin). Truth table of receiver output logic
RIN STBY L L L H H EN RINA L H H X X X L H L H RINB X X X ROUTA H H L H L ROUTB H H H Standby Mode 1 (DC/DC converter stopped) Standby Mode 2 (DC/DC converter stopped) Standby Mode 2 (DC/DC converter stopped) Mark level output Space level output ROUT Remarks
Pin list of each product in A Mode and B Mode
Part Number RINA - RIN3, RIN4 RIN2, RIN3 RIN4, RIN5 RIN6, RIN7 RINB RIN1, RIN2 RIN1, RIN2 RIN1 RIN1, RIN2, RIN3 RIN1, RIN2, RIN3, RIN4, RIN5
PD4721 PD4722 PD4723 PD4724 PD4726
6.2.4 Switching voltage boosting mode Voltage boosting mode of internal DC/DC converter can be switched by VCHA. When the voltage of the power supply used is lowered (5 V 3 V), it can be switched even when the power is turned on. When you switch the voltage boosting mode, the operation mode must be Standby Mode (STBY = L).
VCHA L H Operating Mode 5-V Mode (double boost) 3-V Mode (triple boost)
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6.2.5 Input pin treatment The internal configuration of input pins of the PD472X Series is shown in the table below. If an input pin is left open, through current flows due to CMOS-specific characteristics. Therefore, open pins should be treated as follows.
Pull-up or Pull-down Resistor None
Pin Name STBY VCHA EN DIN
Handling of Open Pin Fix to "H" or "L" level.
Active pull-up resistor (up to 300 k)
Even if the input is open, the input becomes "H" and the output becomes "L." Even if the input is open, the input becomes "L" and the output becomes "H."
RIN
Pull-down resistor (5.5 k)
A pull-up resistor is connected to the DIN pin so that the input potential is fixed even it is opened. This pull-up resistor is an active resistor whose resistance becomes higher when the input potential is low and becomes lower when the input potential is high (refer to 8. TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS). Therefore, when the input voltage is L, the current passed through the pull-up resistor is 25 A MAX., and the power dissipation due to the input current is negligibly low. Also, fix the DIN pin open or to H to minimize the power dissipation in Standby (STBY = L). At this time, the input current is 1 A or lower, and the power dissipation due to the input current through pull-up resistor is minimized.
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7. NOTES FOR USE
The following items are general notes for using ICs for RS-232 line driver/receivers. They are common between the PD471X Series and the PD472X Series unless otherwise specified. Power block * If VCC is unstable, the on-chip DC/DC converter circuit may not properly operate. Therefore, it is recommended to connect a bypass capacitor (approximately 0.1 to 1 F) between VCC and GND. * Since VDD and VSS are output pins and their voltages are boosted up by the internal DC/DC converter circuit, do not feed or take out current to/from these pins (such as connecting any load). If any load is connected to these pins, the on-chip DC/DC converter circuit may not properly operate (refer to 12.2 Characteristics of Voltage Boosting Circuit in 12. Q&A for typical characteristics). Pin treatment * Fix all pins for control input (such as DCON, RCON, and STBY pins) to High or Low, if no pull-down resistor is connected to them. * If a driver input pin is open, through current may flow. Fix all unconnected driver input pins to High or Low (for
PD471X Series).
* Ensure that voltage over rated voltage such as surge is not impressed to receiver input pins. If there is a possibility that the voltage higher than rated voltage is applied, it is recommended to connect an external protection circuit (refer to 12.5 Reliability in 12. Q&A for a typical application). Selection of external capacitors * Tantalum, aluminum electrolytic, and ceramic capacitors can be used for external capacitors for on-chip DC/DC converters. Since they are repeatedly charged and discharged by internal switching, use capacitors with better frequency characteristics. * It is recommended to apply capacitors with a capacitance range of 4.7 to 47 F (for the PD471X Series, excepting the PD4711B with capacitance range of 1 to 47 F) and 0.33 to 4.7 F (for the PD472X Series, excepting PD4722 with capacitance range of 0.47 to 4.7 F). Determine appropriate capacitance within these ranges after evaluating with the actual product circuit. Note that the capacitance of electrolytic capacitors is lowered in low temperatures. Therefore, determine the capacitance of such capacitors with some margin taking into account the operating temperature. * If only 5-V Mode (VCHA ="L" and VCC = 5 V) is used, it is not necessary to connect the C5 capacitor. In this case, the C5 pin should be left open (for PD472X Series).
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8. TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
The main characteristics of the PD4722 as a representative product for RS-232 line driver/receivers are shown below. * Driver Input Characteristics The characteristics of a pull-up resistor (active resistor) at a driver input pin are shown below. (1) In 5-V Mode operation (2) In 3.3-V Mode operation * Characteristics of Driver Output slew rate vs. load capacitance The slew rate characteristics when a load capacitance is connected to driver output 1 are shown below. Conditions: VCC = 5 V and 3.3 V External capacitor = 1.0 F (Tantalum) RL = 3 k (only at one output) Note that the slew rate characteristics are lower than the curve shown here if simultaneous switching for all outputs is performed. * Characteristics of driver output voltage vs. output current The output characteristics with current at driver output are shown below. Conditions: VCC = 4.5 to 5.5 V and 3.0 to 3.6 V External capacitor = 0.47 F With all driver outputs (1) Ceramic capacitors are used. (2) Tantalum capacitors are used. (3) Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are used. * Characteristics of driver output voltage vs. external capacitors The driver output characteristics when the capacitance of external capacitor is changed are shown below. Conditons: VCC = 4.5 V and 3.0 V Load 3 k With all driver outputs
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* Driver input characteristics
VCC = +5.0 V 500.0 500.0 VCC = +3.3 V
400
400
Pull-up resistor R (k)
300
Pull-up resistor R (k)
1 2 3 4 5.0
300
200
200
100
100
0
0
0
0
1
2
3
4
5.0
Driver input voltage VDI (V)
Driver input voltage VDI (V)
* Characteristics of driver output slew rate vs. load capacitance
15 VCC = 5.0 V, TA = 25 C External capacitor = 1.0 F (Tantalum) RL = 3.0 k Switching only one driver 15 VCC = 3.3 V, TA = 25 C External capacitor = 1.0 F (Tantalum) RL = 3.0 k Switching only one driver
Driver output slew rate SR (V/ s)
Falling edge 10
Driver output slew rate SR (V/ s)
10
Falling edge
Rising edge 5
Rising edge 5
0
10
100
1000
0
10
100
1000
Load capacitance CL (pF)
Load capacitance CL (pF)
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* Characteristics of driver output voltage vs. output current (Ceramic capacitors used) C1 to C5 = 0.47 F: RPE123R474K50 manufactured by Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
VCC = 5.5 V 10.0 VCC = 5.0 V VCC = 4.5 V 8 0
Driver output voltage at "+" side VDO (V)
Driver output voltage at "-" side VDO (V)
-2
6
-4
4
-6
VCC = 4.5 V VCC = 5.0 V
2
-8
VCC = 5.5 V
0 - 5.0 Driver output current IDO (mA)
- 10.0 0 0 Driver output current IDO (mA) 5.0
VCC = 3.6 V 10.0 VCC = 3.3 V
0
Driver output voltage at "+" side VDO (V)
Driver output voltage at "-" side VDO (V)
VCC = 3.0 V 8
-2
-4
6
VCC = 3.0 V -6 VCC = 3.3 V VCC = 3.6 V -8
4
2
0 - 5.0 Driver output current IDO (mA)
- 10.0 0 0 Driver output current IDO (mA) 5.0
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* Characteristics of driver output voltage vs. output current (Tantalum capacitors used) C1 to C5 = 0.47 F: S981V474MB1 manufactured by Nichicon
VCC = 5.5 V 10.0 VCC = 5.0 V VCC = 4.5 V 8 0
Driver output voltage at "+" side VDO (V)
Driver output voltage at "-" side VDO (V)
-2
6
-4
4
-6
VCC = 4.5 V VCC = 5.0 V
2
-8
VCC = 5.5 V
0 - 5.0 Driver output current IDO (mA)
- 10.0 0 0 Driver output current IDO (mA) 5.0
VCC = 3.6 V 10.0 VCC = 3.3 V
0
Driver output voltage at "+" side VDO (V)
Driver output voltage at "-" side VDO (V)
VCC = 3.0 V 8
-2
-4
6
VCC = 3.0 V -6 VCC = 3.3 V VCC = 3.6 V -8
4
2
0 - 5.0 Driver output current IDO (mA)
- 10.0 0 0 Driver output current IDO (mA) 5.0
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* Characteristics of driver output voltage vs. output current (Aluminum electrolytic capacitors used) C1 to C5 = 0.47 F: UVZ1HR47MDH manufactured by Nichicon
0 VCC = 5.5 V 10.0 Driver output voltage at "+" side VDO (V) VCC = 5.0 V Driver output voltage at "-" side VDO (V) VCC = 4.5 V 8 -2
-4
6
4
-6
VCC = 4.5 V VCC = 5.0 V
2
-8
VCC = 5.5 V
0 - 5.0 Driver output current IDO (mA)
- 10.0 0 0 Driver output current IDO (mA) 5.0
10.0
VCC = 3.6 V VCC = 3.3 V
0
Driver output voltage at "+" side VDO (V)
8
VCC = 3.0 V
Driver output voltage at "-" side VDO (V)
-2
6
-4 VCC = 3.0 V -6 VCC = 3.3 V VCC = 3.6 V -8
4
2
0 - 5.0 Driver output current IDO (mA)
- 10.0 0 0 Driver output current IDO (mA) 5.0
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* Characteristics of driver output voltage vs. external capacitors (Tantalum capacitors used) RL = 3 k, TA = 25C (With all driver outputs)
VCC = 4.5 V 10 8 6 4 VOH 10 8 6 4 VOH VCC = 3.0 V
Output Voltage (V)
2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8
Output Voltage (V)
2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 VOL
VOL
- 10
0
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
1
- 10
0
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
1
Capacitance (F)
Capacitance (F)
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9. RS-232 STANDARD 9.1 What is the RS-232 Standard?
RS-232 is a standardized serial interface that defines the mechanical and electrical characteristics for connecting DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) and DCE (Data Communication Equipment) devices, and was developed by the EIA (Electrical Industries Association) in the U.S.A. This standard is generally called RS-232-C. The official name of the standard is now "EIA/TIA-232-E", but "RS-232-C" is used in this document, as this term is widely used. RS-232-C specifies electrical specifications, types of signal cables and connector specifications, and is originally referred as an interface standard to connect modems and data pins (such as PC) to each other. The main characteristics of RS-232-C are shown below. Characteristics of driver block
Item Data transfer rate Output voltage Output voltage Slew rate Standard Value Max.: 20 Max.: 15 (Unloaded) Max.: 5 (3 k) Max.: 30 Unit kbps V V V/ns
Characteristics of receiver block
Item Load capacitance Threshold voltage Input resistance Input voltage Standard Value Max.: 2500 Max.: 3 3 to 7 Max.: 25
Note
Unit pF V k V
Note Load capacitance is determined by type and length of signal cable and others, however, cable length is not specified in the standard.
9.2 Signal Level
Signal levels are specified in the RS-232-C standard.
Low Status Driver output Voltage level Logical level -5 to -15 V Receiver input -3 to -25 V Driver output +5 to +15 V Receiver input +3 to +25 V High
"1" (Mark level)
"0" (Space level)
The signal levels in the cable are in negative logic, reversed from logical level, in the table above. Therefore, an inverter must be inserted for a driver to output signals to the cable and a receiver must be inserted to input signals from the cable to match the internal logic (this is the role of ICs for RS-232 line driver/receivers). Since there is a potential difference (2 V) between the driver output voltage and receiver input voltage, a noise margin or magnitude drop of up to 2 V is allowed.
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9.3 Basics of RS-232-C Communication
The typical waveforms of 8-bit data transfer are shown below.
"1" PC "0"
Space
Cable Mark "1" "0"
Modem
Start Bit
Stop Bit Start Bit
Stop Bit Start Bit
Stop Bit
The following is defined in RS-232C communication. No Transfer (Idle) : Mark ("1") Transfer Start (Start Bit): Space ("0") Transfer Stop (Stop Bit) : Mark ("1") Transfer steps are as follows: (1) In the Idle state, send Start Bit to start transfer. (2) After data transfer is completed, send Stop Bit to stop transfer. (3) If succeeding data is transferred, send Start Bit after Stop Bit again to transfer the data. The Idle state must be set for periods during which no data is transferred.
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10. TYPICAL APPLICATION
A typical application for PC to modem communication or PC to PC communication is shown below.
Line Driver/Receiver
Control IC
Control IC
Communication cable
Line Driver/Receiver
CPU
CS D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 WR RD C/D RESET CLK TxC RxC
DTR
Data
TxD RTS RxD
PD71051 PD4711B Conversion from parallel to serial RS232 level conversion + 10 V 1 VDD C4 + 20 + DC to DC C4 C3 + 2 C1 + Converter GND 19 + C1+ 3 VCC C4 - 18 C2 4 C1 - VSS 17 - 10 V +5V 5 16 DCON
6 7 8 9 5.5 k 5.5 k 300 300 15 14 13 12 11 TxD RTS RxD CTS
Microcontroller Control
CTS VCC GND
10
Baud rate clock (transfer rate)
The application circuits and their parameters are for reference only and are not intended for use in actual design-ins.
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CPU
11. REVISION HISTORY OF PRODUCTS
The revision history of the PD471X Series is shown below. Current part numbers are equivalent to discontinued part numbers on package, pin configurations, and characteristics. Therefore, customers who have been using discontinued part numbers of the PD471X Series can use current products without modification of board circuits etc. However, operation checks for actual applications are necessary, because actual characteristics may differ.
Part Number Ordering Information (Discontinued) Ordering Information (Current) Reason of Modification
PD4711 PD4712
PD4711 PD4711ACX/4711AGS PD4712 PD4712ACY/4712AGT PD4712BCY/4712BGT PD4713CX/4713GT PD4714CY/4714GT PD4715CY/4715GT
PD4711B PD4712CCY/4712CGT PD4712DCY/4712DGT PD4713ACX/4713AGT PD4714ACY/4714AGT PD4715ACY/4715AGT
Process integration due to standardization of design.
PD4713 PD4714 PD4715
The revision history of the PD472X Series is shown below. Current products are designed so as to raise the driven output performance, and as a result, the min. capacitance value for external capacitors is smaller. This reduction in capacitor capacitance may enable reduction of the circuit set size.
Production Category (Previous Standard) E Production Category (Current Standard) P
Part Number
Capacitance of External Capacitor 1.0 to 4.7 F 1.0 to 4.7 F 1.0 to 4.7 F 1.0 to 4.7 F
Capacitance of External Capacitor 0.33 to 4.7 F 0.47 to 4.7 F 0.33 to 4.7 F 0.33 to 4.7 F
Reason of Modification
PD4721 PD4722 PD4723 PD4724 PD4725
Capacitance of external capacitors is lowered due to improvement of driver output capability.
-
-
E
1.0 to 4.7 F
(No modification)
The term "current product" as used here refers to products as of May 1998.
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12. Q&A 12.1 Internal Circuit Functions
Q. How is the DCON pin actually used? (PD471X Series) A. Idle state (No Transfer) is defined as Mark Level ("L" Output) in the RS-232 Standard. If driver input of the
PD471X may be unstable even if it is in Normal Operation Mode (not Standby), it can be fixed to Idle state
making driver output level at Mark Level, using the DCON pin. This function can prevent output of abnormal signal (such as mis-recognition of the signal as Start Bit). (Refer to 6.1.2 Driver output logic.) Q. How is the RCON pin actually used? (PD471X Series) A. The space level voltage range is specified from -25 V to -3 V and the mark level voltage range is specified from +3 V to +25 V in the RS-232 Standard. Therefore, strictly speaking, the logic level is undefined when the cable signal is 0 V. The input threshold voltage of the PD471X Series can be switched using the RCON pin. The product has an A Mode, whereby the threshold voltage is set in positive, and a B Mode, whereby the threshold voltage is set in negative in order to prevent erroneous operations even if a 0-V signal is input. If a signal with higher noise is input, a malfunction due to the smaller hysteresis width of A Mode occurs. In this case, B Mode must be used. However, if a DC signal is output in a case such as when a control signal is transferred, signals of TTL level (0 to +5 V) may be easily handled. In this case, set the threshold voltage to the A mode so that signals can be
,,,,,,
recognized. As described above, various signals can be flexibly handled by switching input threshold voltage depending on the purpose. The threshold voltage range is shown below. (Refer to 6.1.4 Receiver input threshold voltage.) Receiver input threshold voltage range
A Mode B Mode 5V 0V -5V Shaded part indicates range of threshold voltage.
Q. How is the EN pin actually used? (PD472X Series)
A. The products of the PD472X Series (except for the PD4721) have a mode by which receiver input can be accepted even if it is in the Standby state. This function allows the device to use the Wake-up function, which enables operation by receiving signals from the cable.
However, the receiver with the EN pin enabled has no hysteresis width in the Standby mode (the threshold voltage is typically 1.5 V). In this case, it is recommended to apply a filter circuit to prevent erroneous operation due to noise. (Refer to 6.2.3 Receiver output logic.)
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12.2 Characteristics of Boosting Circuit
Q. Receiver input threshold voltage exceeds the rated value. A. VDD and VSS boosted by the internal DC/DC converter circuit are used for the receiver input threshold voltage. Therefore, the cause of abnormal receiver input threshold voltage may be erroneous operation of the DC/DC converter circuit. Refer to Q. Voltage not boosted in 12.2 Characteristics of Boosting Circuit for measures to address improper operation of the DC/DC converter circuit. Q. How long does it take for the DC/DC converter to switch? A. Switching time can be determined by measuring C1+, C1-, C4+, and C4- with an oscilloscope or other device. It is designed so that the switching time is approximately 5 s. However, the switching time is fairly changed depending on dispersions of internal Cs and Rs which determine the time constant. Dispersion of approximately half to double of the designed value should be taken into account. Q. Can any current be taken out from the boosted power pins (VDD and VSS)? A. The boosted power pins are voltage output pins with voltages internally boosted. They are used for driver output, setting of receiver input threshold voltage or others. Therefore, do not directly connect any loads to these pins. Just for reference, a typical characteristic when current is taken out from the VDD pin of the PD4721 is shown in the figure below. (Refer to 7. NOTE FOR USING.) A typical characteristic of VDD vs. Takeout Current when current is taken out from VDD (Conditions: TA = 25C, VCC = 3.3 V, C1 to C5 = 0.33 F, DOUT Full Load RL = 3 k)
8.20
8.15
8.10
8.05
VDD (V)
8.00
7.95
7.90
7.85
7.80 0 50 100 150 Current (A) 200 250 300
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Q. Are there any problems if two ICs are used with one common capacitor? A. DC/DC converters in the PD471X Series and PD472X Series are not designed expecting that two circuits are used with one common capacitor. In addition, because switching timings of capacitors cannot be externally synchronized, expected boosting operation cannot be achieved. Always use one capacitor for a single IC. Q. Voltage not boosted. A. There are several causes. Refer to the following measures. 1. Noise is superposed on the power supply pin. Connect a bypass capacitor between VCC and GND for stabilizing. Locate the capacitor in the vicinity of the VCC pin to minimize the wiring length. 2. External voltage is applied to the driver output pin before the power is turned on. Internal DC/DC converter circuit may not boost the voltage, if other voltage is applied to the driver output pin from external circuit before the power is turned on. Even if a different voltage within the rated value range is applied to the driver output pins, there is no operational problem if the IC is in operation. However, for functionality purposes, this IC is not designed expecting that another voltage will be applied to the driver output pins from an external circuit. Therefore, ensure that any other voltage is not applied to driver output pins from an external circuit.
12.3 External Capacitors
Q. What is the withstand voltage of external capacitors? A. As specified in the data sheet, the following capacitors with specified withstand voltages are recommended.
Withstand Voltage of External Capacitor 16 V 20 V
Series
PD471X PD472X
A maximum of 10 V is theoretically applied to an external capacitor as specified in the table in DC/DC converter block in Sections 6.1.1 and 6.2.1. However, since noise may be generated at switching, voltages with some margins (16 V or 20 V) are recommended. Q. What kind of capacitor is recommended? A. We have already confirmed that there are no problems in operation with the following capacitors after evaluation. As they are repeatedly charged and discharged by switching operation, use capacitors with better frequency characteristics.
Capacitor Type Ceramic capacitor Model RPE123R474K50 (Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd.) S981V474MB1 (Nichicon) UVZ1HR47MDH (Nichicon)
Tantalum capacitor Aluminum electrolytic capacitors
(Refer to 8. TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS for capacitor characteristics.)
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Q. What will happen if capacitors with polarity such as Tantalum capacitor are connected in reversed polarity? A. If a capacitor with polarity is connected in the opposite direction from the connection diagram, the capacitor may be shorted. Connect capacitors based on the connection diagram when connecting capacitors with polarity. If the capacitor is shorted, refer to the next item "Q. Is the IC damaged if the capacitor is shorted?" Q. Is the IC damaged if the capacitor is shorted? A. High current may flow between VDD and VCC or between VCC and GND if the capacitor is shorted. This high current may destroy the capacitor. Absolute maximum rating of the input current on each pin of the PD472X Series is specified as 20 mA. Therefore, excessive current over this value may destroy capacitors.
12.4 Transfer Rate
Q. Is the operation guaranteed when using a maximum transfer rate of 115 kbps? A. The maximum transfer rate of the PD471X Series and PD472X Series is specified as 20 kbps. Therefore, their operation is not guaranteed with a transfer rate over 20 kbps. The actual transfer rate depends on the driver output load (such as signal cable length). If they are used for applications with a lower load, such as when the cable length is extremely short, transfer with rate of over 20 kbps is potentially possible. For your reference, actually measured values of slew rate and driver output voltage vs. transfer rate are shown on the following pages.
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Measured on
: PD4722
Measuring conditions : TA = 25C, VCC = 3 V, C1 - C5 = 1F, RL = 3 k, with all drivers output Transfer rate - slew rate (at rising edge)
0
-2
SR (-) (V/ s)
-4 2500 pF -6 1500 pF 500 pF -8 0 pF
- 10
- 12 10 100 Transfer Rate (kbps) 1000
Transfer rate - slew rate (at falling edge)
12 10 8 6 4 2 2500 pF 1500 pF 500 pF 0 pF
SR (+) (V/ s)
0 10 100 Transfer Rate (kbps) 1000
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Transfer rate - driver output voltage (with output "H")
10
8
6
VOH (V)
2500 pF 1500 pF
4
500 pF 0 pF
2
0 10 100 Transfer Rate (kbps) 1000
Transfer rate - driver output voltage (with output "L")
0
-2
-4
2500 pF 1500 pF 500 pF
VOL (V)
-6
0 pF
-8
- 10 10 100 Transfer Rate (kbps) 1000
User's Manual S13354EJ2V0UM00
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12.5 Reliability
Q. What is ESD withstand voltage? A. These series have passed the ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) test (MIL Method, ESD Test by EIAJ Method) defined by NEC. Confirm the measured values in the ESD test by obtaining the Result Report of Reliability Testing. Request it from Reliability and Quality Control Dept. through your NEC sales representative. Q. How are ESD protection circuits configured? A. A protection circuit for the driver output block can be configured with a combination of Zener diodes. A sample circuit for protection is shown below. VZ of the Zener diodes should be lower than the rated voltage of the driver output (25 V) and higher than the output voltage (up to 10 V). (Refer to 7. NOTES FOR USING.) Example of ESD Protection Circuit
PD471X and PD472X
DIN
DOUT
Zener diode Output voltage (10 V) < VZ < 25 V
Q. What will happen if driver outputs of the transfer source and the transfer destination conflict with each other? A. Over current between outputs may flow depending on the status of their driver outputs. For example, if the output of source is "H" and the output of destination is "L", a high current flows from the source driver to the destination driver. In this case, the internal DC/DC converter may not be able to properly boost the voltage, and erroneous operation may result. Therefore, do not connect driver output pins to each other.
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User's Manual S13354EJ2V0UM00
12.6 Equivalent Products of Other Companies
Q. Give me information on equivalent products of other companies. A. Tables of products from other companies are shown below. Refer to those tables to find equivalent NEC products starting from the part number of products of other companies. Products operated with 5-V single power supply
Features NEC Driver 2 Receiver 2 Maxim MAX202 MAX220 MAX222 MAX232/232A MAX242 National Semiconductor Linear Technology LT1080 LT1081 LT1180 LT1181 LT1280 LT1281
Harris HIN202 HIN232
PD4711B
3 3
3 5
PD4713A PD4714A
DS14185 DS14C535 LT1327 LT1337 LT1338 LT1341 HIN206 HIN236 DS14C238 HIN208 HIN238 HIN211 HIN213 LT1134
4
3
MAX206 MAX236
4
4
PD4712C/D
MAX208 MAX238 MAX211 MAX213 MAX241
4
5
DS14C241
LT1136
5
3
PD4715A
MAX207 MAX237 MAX240
DS14196
HIN207 HIN237 HIN205
LT1132 LT1138 LT1130
5
5
Products operated with 3-V single power supply
Features NEC Driver 2 Receiver 2 Maxim MAX563 MAX3222 MAX3232 MAX3223 National Semiconductor DS14C232 Linear Technology LTC1385 LTC1386
Harris
PD4721
3 3
3 5
PD4723 PD4724 PD4722
MAX560 MAX561 MAX3212 MAX3243 DS14C335 LT1331 LTC1348
4 4
4 5
4
7
PD4726
User's Manual S13354EJ2V0UM00
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12.7 Marking, Packages and Others
Q. Give me information on current marking. A. The markings of the PD4714A and PD4722 (on May 1998) are shown below. DIP package (PD4714ACY: PD471X Series)
JAPAN D4714AC
Lot number
SOP package (PD4714AGT: PD471X Series)
JAPAN D4714A
Pin 1 index
Lot number
Only PD4711BGX has different marking for part number. Part number: D4711BG
SSOP package (PD4722GS-GJG: PD472X Series)
JAPAN D4722GS
Pin 1 index
Lot number
Only marking of product name of PD4721GX-GJG is different from others. Part number: D4721
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User's Manual S13354EJ2V0UM00
Q. Give me information on the packaged quantity in a magazine and a reel A. Refer to the SEMICONDUCTORS SELECTION GUIDE (X13769X) for details on magazines and reels. The packaged quantities of each part number and package type is shown in the table below. DIP package (magazine)
Part Number Packaged Quantity 18 13 15 13 13
PD4711BCX PD4712CCY/DCY PD4713ACX PD4714ACY PD4715ACY
SOP package (adhesive taping)
Part Number Packaged Quantity 1500
PD4711BGS PD4712CGT/DGT PD4713AGT PD4714AGT PD4715AGT
SOP package (embossed taping)
Part Number Packaged Quantity 2500 1500 Taping Specification 24 mm width tape
PD4711BGS PD4712CGT/DGT PD4713AGT PD4714AGT PD4715AGT
SSOP package
Part Number Packaged Quantity 2500 Taping Specification 16 mm width tape
PD4721GS-GJG PD4722GS-GJG PD4723GS-GJG PD4724GS-GJG PD4726GS-GJG
24 mm width tape
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APPENDIX ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
The typical electrical specifications of the PD471X Series and PD472X Series are shown in the tables below. Refer to the relevant document for details.
Appendix 1. Main Characteristics of PD471X Series (Ex.: PD4714A)
Electrical specifications (common) (Unless otherwise specified, VCC = +5 V 10%, TA = -20 to +80C, C1 to C5 = 22 F)
Parameter Circuit current Symbol ICC1 Condition VCC = +5 V, No load, RIN pin open, (STBY pin open) VCC = +5 V, RL = 3 k (DOUT), DIN = GND, RIN, ROUT pin open (STBY pin open) VCC = +5 V, No load, RIN pin open (STBY pin high) 2.0 MIN. TYP. 7.0 MAX. 18.0 Unit mA
Circuit current
ICC2
23.0
40.0
mA
Circuit current at standby
ICC (Standby) VIH (Standby) VIL (Standby)
50
120
A
V
Standby high level input voltage Standby low level input voltage
0.8
V
Electrical specifications (driver) (Unless otherwise specified, VCC = +5 V 10%, TA = -20 to +80C, C1 to C5 = 22 F)
Parameter Low-level input voltage High-level input voltage Low-level input current High-level input current Output voltage Symbol VIL VIH IIL IIH VDO VCC = +5.0 V, RL = , TA = 25C VCC = +5.0 V, RL = 3 k VCC = +4.5 V, RL = 3 k Output short-circuit current Slew rate ISC SR VCC = +5.0 V, from GND CL = 10 pF, RL = 3 to 7 k CL = 2500 pF, RL = 3 to 7 k Transfer delay time tPHL tPLH Output resistance Standby output transition time Standby output transition time RO tDAZ VCC = VDD = VSS = 0 V, VOUT = 2 V RL = 3 k, CL = 2500 pF 300 500 4 10 RL = 3 k, CL = 2500 pF 1.5 1.5 5.5 5.0 15 9 5 0.8 40 30 30 2.0 0 0 9.7 -1.0 1.0 Condition MIN. TYP. MAX. 0.8 Unit V V
A A
V V V mA V/s V/s
s
s
ms
tDZA
RL = 3 k, CL = 2500 pF
25
50
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User's Manual S13354EJ2V0UM00
Electrical specifications (receiver) (Unless otherwise specified, VCC = +5 V 10%, TA = -20 to +80C, C1 to C5 = 22 F)
Parameter Low-level output voltage High-level output voltage Low-level input voltage High-level input voltage Propagation delay time Symbol VOL VOH VOL VOH tPHL tPLH Input resistance Input open circuit voltage Threshold A mode (RCON pin Low) RI VIO VIH VIL VH Threshold B mode (RCON pin High) VIH VIL VH Standby output transition time Standby output transition time tDAZ Input threshold A mode only. VCC = +5 V VCC = +5 V VCC = +5 V (Hysteresis width) VCC = +5 V VCC = +5 V VCC = +5 V (Hysteresis width) 1.7 0.7 0.5 1.6 -0.4 2.6 2.3 1.1 1.2 2.2 -1.8 4.0 0.4 3 5 7 0.5 2.7 1.7 1.8 2.6 -3.0 5.4 1 k V V V V V V V IOUT = 4 mA IOUT = -4 mA RCON pin RCON pin RL = 1 k, CL = 150 pF 2.0 0.13 VCC - 0.8 0.8 Condition MIN. TYP. MAX. 0.4 Unit V V V V
s
s
ms
tDZA
1.0
10
User's Manual S13354EJ2V0UM00
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Appendix 2. Main Characteristics of PD472X Series (Ex.: PD4724)
Electrical specifications (common) (Unless otherwise specified, TA = -40 to +85C, C1 to C5 = 1 F)
Parameter Circuit current Symbol ICC1 Condition VCC = +3.3 V, No load, RIN pin open, STBY = H VCC = +5.0 V, No load, RIN pin open, STBY = H Circuit current ICC2 VCC = +3.3 V, RL = 3 k (DOUT), DIN = GND, RIN, ROUT pin open, STBY = H VCC = +5.0 V, RL = 3 k (DOUT), DIN = GND, RIN, ROUT pin open, STBY = H Circuit current at standby (Standby mode 1) ICC3 VCC = +3.3 V, No load, DIN, RIN pin open STBY = L, EN = L, TA = 25C VCC = +5.0 V, No load, DIN, RIN pin open STBY = L, EN = L, TA = 25C Circuit current at standby (Standby mode 2) ICC4 VCC = +3.3 V, No load, DIN, RIN pin open STBY = L, EN = H, TA = 25C VCC = +5.0 V, No load, DIN, RIN pin open STBY = L, EN = H, TA = 25C High-level input voltage Low-level input voltage VIH VIL VCC = +3.0 to +5.5 V, STBY, VCHA, EN pin VCC = +3.0 to +5.5 V, STBY, VCHA, EN pin 2.4 0.6 MIN. TYP. 7.5 MAX. 15 Unit mA
5.5
11
mA
25
35
mA
19
28
mA
1
3
A A A A
V V
2
5
1
3
2
5
Electrical specifications (driver) (Unless otherwise specified, TA = -40 to +85C, C1 to C5 = 1 F) 3-V mode (Unless otherwise specified, VCHA = H, VCC = 3.0 to 3.6 V)
Parameter Low-level input voltage High-level input voltage Low-level input current High-level input current Output voltage Symbol VIL VIH IIL IIH VDO VCC = +3.6 V, VI = 0 V VCC = +3.6 V, VI = +3.6 V VCC = +3.3 V, RL = , TA = 25C VCC = +3.3 V, RL = 3 k VCC = +3.0 V, RL = 3 k, TA = 25C Output short-circuit current Slew rate ISC SR VCC = +3.3 V, from GND CL = 10 pF, RL = 3 to 7 k CL = 2500 pF, RL = 3 to 7 k Transfer delay time tPHL tPLH Output resistance Standby output transition time Standby output transition time Power on output transition time RO tDAZ tDZA tPRA VCC = VDD = VSS = 0 V, VOUT = 2 V RL = 3 k, CL = 2500 pF RL = 3 k, CL = 2500 pF RL = 3 k, CL = 2500 pF 300 4 1 1 10 3 3 RL = 3 k, CL = 2500 pF 3.0 3.0 2.5 5.0 5.0 40 30 30 9.5 6.0 2.0 -25 1.0 Condition MIN. TYP. MAX. 0.8 Unit V V
A A
V V V mA V/s V/s
s
s
ms ms
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User's Manual S13354EJ2V0UM00
Electrical specifications (driver) (Unless otherwise specified, TA = -40 to +85C, C1 to C5 = 1 F) 5-V mode (Unless otherwise specified, VCHA = L, VCC = 5.0 V 10%)
Parameter Low-level input voltage High-level input voltage Low-level input current High-level input current Output voltage Symbol VIL VIH IIL IIH VDO VCC = +5.5 V, VI = 0 V VCC = +5.5 V, VI = +5.5 V VCC = +5.0 V, RL = , TA = 25C VCC = +5.0 V, RL = 3 k VCC = +4.5 V, RL = 3 k Output short-circuit current Slew rate ISC SR VCC = +5.0 V, from GND CL = 10 pF, RL = 3 to 7 k CL = 2500 pF, RL = 3 to 7 k Transfer delay time tPHL tPLH Output resistance Standby output transition time Standby output transition time Power on output transition time RO tDAZ tDZA tPRA VCC = VDD = VSS = 0 V, VOUT = 2 V RL = 3 k, CL = 2500 pF RL = 3 k, CL = 2500 pF RL = 3 k, CL = 2500 pF 300 4 0.5 0.5 10 1 1 RL = 3 k, CL = 2500 pF 4.0 4.0 2 6.0 5.0 40 30 30 9.7 2.0 -40 1.0 Condition MIN. TYP. MAX. 0.8 Unit V V
A A
V V V mA V/s V/s
s
s
ms ms
Electrical specifications (receiver) (Unless otherwise specified, VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V, TA = -40 to +85C, C1 to C5 = 1 F)
Parameter Low level-output voltage High level-output voltage Low level-output voltage High level-output voltage Transfer delay time (STBY = H) Transfer delay time (STBY = L) Transfer delay time (STBY = L) Input resistance Input open circuit voltage Threshold (STBY = H) Symbol VOL1 VOH1 VOL2 VOH2 tPHL tPLH tPHL tPLH tPHA tPAH RI VIO VIH VIL VH Threshold (STBY = L, EN = H) Standby output transition time Standby output transition time Power on reset release time VIH VIL tDAH tDHA VCHA = H (3-V mode) VCHA = L (5-V mode) tPRA VCHA = H (3-V mode) VCHA = L (5-V mode) VCC = +3.0 to +5.5 V VCC = +3.0 to +5.5 V VCC = +3.0 to +5.5 V (Hysteresis width) VCC = +3.0 to +5.5 V, RIN4, RIN5 VCC = +3.0 to +5.5 V, RIN4, RIN5 1.7 0.7 0.5 2.7 2.3 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.5 0.2 0.6 0.3 1 0.5 0.7 3 3 1 3 1 3 5.5 7 0.5 2.7 1.7 1.8 k V V V V V V RIN ROUT, CL = 150 pF, VCC = +3.0 V 100 300 ns RIN ROUT, CL = 150 pF, VCC = +3.0 V 0.1 Condition IOUT = 4 mA, STBY = H IOUT = -4 mA, STBY = H IOUT = 4 mA, STBY = L IOUT = -4 mA, STBY = L RIN ROUT, CL = 150 pF, VCC = +3.0 V VCC - 0.5 0.2 VCC - 0.4 0.5 MIN. TYP. MAX. 0.4 Unit V V V V
s s
s
ms ms ms ms
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User's Manual S13354EJ2V0UM00
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